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天天關(guān)注:被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)是怎樣的?被動語態(tài)怎么練習?
2022-11-02 09:39:57 來源:環(huán)球傳媒網(wǎng) 編輯:

哈嘍小伙伴們 ,今天給大家科普一個小知識。在日常生活中我們或多或少的都會接觸到被動語態(tài)練習題(英語語法專練—被動語態(tài))方面的一些說法,有的小伙伴還不是很了解,今天就給大家詳細的介紹一下關(guān)于被動語態(tài)練習題(英語語法專練—被動語態(tài))的相關(guān)內(nèi)容。

被動語態(tài)練習題(英語語法專練—被動語態(tài))


(相關(guān)資料圖)

英語動詞有兩種語態(tài):主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者,被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者。

一、被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)

主語+助動詞be +動詞過去分詞(+ by+動作執(zhí)行者)。動詞過去分詞的變化分為規(guī)則變化(-ed)和不規(guī)則變化(需特殊記憶)。被動語態(tài)的不同時態(tài)是通過be的時態(tài)變化來表示的,其人稱和數(shù)方面應(yīng)與主語保持一致,具體變化如下:

1.一般現(xiàn)在時:

肯定句:主語+am/is/are+動詞過去分詞(by+動作執(zhí)行者)

否定句:主語+am not/isn’t/aren’t+動詞過去分詞(by+動作執(zhí)行者)

一般疑問句:Be+主語+動詞過去分詞(by+動作執(zhí)行者)?Yes, 主語 be.(肯定回答)No, 主語 be not.(否定回答)

2.一般過去時:

肯定句:主語+was/were+動詞過去分詞(by+動作執(zhí)行者)

否定句:主語+wasn’t/weren’t+動詞過去分詞(by+動作執(zhí)行者)

一般疑問句:Was/Were主語+動詞過去分詞(by+動作執(zhí)行者)? Yes, 主語 was/were.(肯定回答)No,主語 wasn’t/weren’t.(否定回答)

3.一般將來時:

肯定句:主語+be going to/will be+動詞過去分詞(by+動作執(zhí)行者)

否定句:主語+be not going to/will not be+動詞過去分詞(by+動作執(zhí)行者)

一般疑問句:Be/Will主語+ going to/be+動詞過去分詞(by+動作執(zhí)行者)? Yes,主語 be/will.(肯定回答) No,主語 be not/won’t.(否定回答)

4.含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài):

肯定句:主語+情態(tài)動詞+be+動詞過去分詞(by+動作執(zhí)行者)

否定句:主語+情態(tài)動詞 not+be+動詞過去分詞(by+動作執(zhí)行者)

一般疑問句:情態(tài)動詞+主語+be+動詞過去分詞(by+動作執(zhí)行者)?

二、被動語態(tài)的用法

1.不知道誰是動作的執(zhí)行者,或者沒有必要指出誰是動作的執(zhí)行者。如:Street lights are often turned on at six in winter.

2.當動作的承受者比起動作的執(zhí)行者來說更能引起人們的關(guān)心而需要加以強調(diào)時,要用被動語態(tài)。如:This kind of bike isn’t sold in our shop.

三、主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)間的轉(zhuǎn)換

1.把主動語態(tài)的賓語變成被動語態(tài)的主語。

2.謂語動詞變?yōu)椤癰e+動詞過去分詞”,并通過be的變化來表達出不同的時態(tài)。

3.把主動語態(tài)的主語變?yōu)榻樵~by 的賓語,放在被動語態(tài)里謂語動詞之后(by 短語有時可以省略)。如:Many old people still love this song.(改為被動語態(tài)) This song is still loved by many old people.

四、主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)應(yīng)注意的特例

1.含有雙賓語的主動結(jié)構(gòu)變被動結(jié)構(gòu)時,有兩種方法:

(1)將間接賓語(人)變?yōu)橹髡Z,直接賓語(物)保持不變。

(2)將直接賓語(物)變?yōu)橹髡Z,間接賓語(人)用介詞to或for引導(dǎo)。如:The teacher told us a story.(改為被動語態(tài)) We were told a story (by the teacher)./A story was told to us by the teacher.

Mum bought me a new coat.(改為被動語態(tài))I was bought a new coat (by mum)./ A new coat was bought for me (by mum).

2.不及物動詞沒有被動語態(tài),但某些不及物動詞加上介詞或副詞后,就變成了及物動詞短語,可以變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài),但是要把這個短語看成是一個整體,不能分開,介詞或副詞不能省略。如:The old should be taken good care of.

3.make,have,see,notice, watch, hear等在主動語態(tài)中接省to的動詞不定式作賓語補足語,變成被動語態(tài)時to要加上。如:The boss made them work ten hours a day.(改為被動語態(tài)) They were made to work ten hours a day.

五、練習

(一)根據(jù)句意,用所給詞的適當形式填空。

1.Chinese_____(speak)by the largest number of people.

2.The sports meeting_____(not hold)until next week.

3.Tea_____(bring) to Western countries in the 19th century.

4.The People’s Republic of China_____(found) on October 1, 1949.

5.--Look at the sky! The rain_____(stop).

--Let’s go out for a walk.

6.The problem_____(discuss) at the meeting tomorrow.

7.Many people_____(influence)by Confucius’s ideas today.

8.These photos can______(put)up on the school website.

9.An email_____(send)to her yesterday evening.

10._____Daming_____(choose)for the team last time?

(二)句子翻譯(用被動語態(tài)完成)。

1.將來書會被網(wǎng)絡(luò)取代嗎?

2.早上8點前,這項工作一定要完成。

3.這個男孩剛剛被看見進教室了。

4.桌子上這本書不是魯迅寫的。

5.我們每天打掃教室兩次。

6.放學后允許學生去圖書館。

7.它被認為是最偉大的美國故事之一。

8.學生的作業(yè)應(yīng)該及時上交。

9.上周她給媽媽買了一份生日禮物。

10.你知道我們學校運動會什么時候舉行嗎?

*練習參考答案

(一)1.is spoken 2.isn’t going to be held/won’t he held 3.was brought 4.was founded 5.has stopped 6.is going to be discussed/will be discussed 7.are influenced 8.be put 9.was sent 10.Was chosen

(二)1.Will books be replaced by the Internet in the future?

2.The work must be finished before 8 o’clock in the morning.

3.The boy was seen to enter the classroom just now.

4.The book on the desk wasn’t written by Lu Xun.

5.The classroom is cleaned (by us) twice a day.

6.Students are allowed to go to the library after school.

7.It’s thought to be one of the greatest American stories.

8.Students’homework should be handed in in time.

9.A birthday present was bought for her mum(by her) last week./ Her mum was bought a birthday present (by her)last week.

10.Do you know when the sports meeting will be held in our school?

關(guān)鍵詞: 被動語態(tài)練習題 英語語法專練—被動語態(tài)

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